Research progress on fault diagnosis and early warning theory of electric submersible pump lifting based on mechanism simulation and data driven fusion

In the complex, uncertain and unstructured reservoir environment, the working condition diagnosis, alert and optimization decision of electric submersible pump (ESP) well has become one of the hot and difficult problems in the research of intelligent oil well. This paper describes the research progress and application of mechanism simulation, data-driven, expert system, mechanism simulation and data-driven fusion technology in the field of ESP fault diagnosis and alert, discusses and prospects the development direction and focus of ESP fault diagnosis and alert technology in the future. Literature research shows that, it is a challenging work to establish a mechanism model and fast and accurate solution of the model which can accurately reflect the dynamic characteristics of ESP; the diagnosis model based on big data may not be able to completely describe the real mapping relationship of the working conditions of ESP production system; the reasoning mechanism of ESP production fault diagnosis and the self-learning ability of the expert system need to be strengthened. It is pointed out that the digital twin technology based on mechanism simulation and data analysis method must become the core technology of fault diagnosis and early warning for complex ESP production system.