Abstract: The flexible control operation technology is a reasonable variable speed drive technology, which aims to improve the production process of beam pumping system, reduce the loss and improve the production efficiency. In order to explore the motion law of the valve ball in the flexible drive oil well pump, the opening pressure of the fixed valve during the up stroke, the force characteristics, initial conditions and boundary conditions of the valve ball motion are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of the motion law of the fixed valve ball under six driving conditions, such as conventional circular velocity (working condition 1), elliptical velocity (working condition 2), elliptical short axis short edge velocity (working condition 3), elliptical short axis long edge velocity (working condition 4), elliptical long axis short edge velocity (working condition 5), elliptic long axis long side speed (working condition 6)are analyzed, and the characteristics of flexible driving are obtained. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified by bench test. The results show that: flexible drive should have three characteristics; when the pump and valve need to have good working performance for a long time, the best driving condition is condition 2 and the worst driving condition is condition 6.